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Qi-Wa refers to the up curl on the lengths of handscrolls and hangingscrolls, which has troubled Chinese artisans and emperors for as long as theart of painting and calligraphy exists. This warp is unwelcomed not only foraesthetic reasons, but its potential damage to the fiber and ink. Although itis generally treated as a part of the cockling and curling due to climate,mounting procedures, and conservation conditions, we emphasize that theintrinsic curvature incurred from the storage is in fact the main cause ofQi-Wa. The Qi-Wa height is determined by experiments to obey scaling relationswith the length, width, curvature, and thickness of the scroll, which aresupported by Molecular Dynamics Simulation and theoretic derivations. Thisunderstanding helps us come up with plausible remedies to mitigate Qi-Wa. Allproposals are tested on real mounted paper and in simulations. Due to thegeneral nature of this warp, we believe the lessons learnt from studyingancient Chinese scrolls can be applied to modern technologies such as thedevelopment of flexible electronic paper and computer screen.

Qi-Wa, a problem that has plagued Chinese scrolls for millenniums