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Two different methods have been employed to determine the plasma temperaturein a laser-cluster fusion experiment on the Texas Petawatt laser. In the first,the temperature was derived from time-of-flight data of deuterium ions ejectedfrom exploding D2 or CD4 clusters. In the second, the temperature was measuredfrom the ratio of the rates of two different nuclear fusion reactions occurringin the plasma at the same time: D(d, 3He)n and 3He(d, p)4He. The temperaturesdetermined by these two methods agree well, which indicates that: i) The ionenergy distribution is not significantly distorted when ions travel in thedisassembling plasma; ii) The kinetic energy of deuterium ions, especially thehottest part responsible for nuclear fusion, is well described by anear-Maxwellian distribution.

Temperature measurements of fusion plasmas produced by petawatt laser-irradiated D2-3He or CD4-3He clustering gases