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Controlling the properties of materials by driving them out of equilibrium isan exciting prospect that has only recently begun to be explored. In this paperwe give a striking theoretical example of such materials design: a tunable gapin monolayer graphene is generated by exciting a particular optical phonon. Weshow that the system reaches a steady state whose transport properties are thesame as if the system had a static electronic gap, controllable by the drivingamplitude. Moreover, the steady state displays topological phenomena: there arechiral edge currents, which circulate a fractional charge e/2 per rotationcycle, with frequency set by the optical phonon frequency.

Materials design from non-equilibrium steady states: driven graphene as a tunable semiconductor with topological properties