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A prevailing description of the stripe phase in underdoped cupratesuperconductors is that the charge carriers (holes) phase segregate on amicroscopic scale into hole rich and hole poor regions. We report resonantelastic x-ray scattering measurements of stripe-orderedLa$_{1.475}$Nd$_{0.4}$Sr$_{0.125}$CuO$_4$ at the Cu $L$ and O $K$ absorptionedges that identify an additional feature of stripe order. Analysis of theenergy dependence of the scattering intensity reveals that the dominantsignature of the stripe order is a spatial modulation in the energies of Cu 3dand O 2p states rather than the large modulation of the charge density(valence) envisioned in the common stripe paradigm. These energy shifts areinterpreted as a spatial modulation of the electronic structure and may pointto a valence-bond-solid interpretation of the stripe phase.

Resonant X-Ray Scattering Measurements of a Spatial Modulation of the Cu 3d and O 2p Energies in Stripe-Ordered Cuprate Superconductors