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Two-dimensional topological insulators (2D TIs) have been proposed asplatforms for many intriguing applications, ranging from spintronics totopological quantum information processing. Realizing this potential willlikely be facilitated by the discovery of new, easily manufactured materials inthis class. With this goal in mind we introduce a new framework for engineeringa 2D TI by hybridizing graphene with impurity bands arising from heavy adatomspossessing partially filled d-shells, in particular osmium and iridium. Firstprinciples calculations predict that the gaps generated by this means exceed0.2 eV over a broad range of adatom coverage; moreover, tuning of the Fermilevel is not required to enter the TI state. The mechanism at work is expectedto be rather general and may open the door to designing new TI phases in manymaterials.

Giant topological insulator gap in graphene with 5d adatoms