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Using resonant inelastic x-ray scattering, we observe in the bilayer iridateSr3Ir2O7, a spin-orbit coupling driven magnetic insulator with a small chargegap, a magnon gap of ~92 meV for both acoustic and optical branches. Thisexceptionally large magnon gap exceeds the total magnon bandwidth of ~70 meVand implies a marked departure from the Heisenberg model, in stark contrast tothe case of the single-layer iridate Sr2IrO4. Analyzing the origin of theseobservations, we find that the giant magnon gap results from bond-directionalpseudo-dipolar interactions that are strongly enhanced near the metal-insulatortransition boundary. This suggests that novel magnetism, such as that inspiredby the Kitaev model built on the pseudo-dipolar interactions, may emerge insmall charge-gap iridates.

Giant Magnon Gap in Bilayer Iridate Sr3Ir2O7: Enhanced Pseudo-dipolar Interactions Near the Mott Transition