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The thermal fluctuation of mirror surfaces is the fundamental limitation forinterferometric gravitational wave (GW) detectors. Here, we experimentallydemonstrate for the first time a reduction in a mirror's thermal fluctuation ina GW detector with sapphire mirrors from the Cryogenic Laser InterferometerObservatory at 17\,K and 18\,K. The detector sensitivity, which was limited bythe mirror's thermal fluctuation at room temperature, was improved in thefrequency range of 90\,Hz to 240\,Hz by cooling the mirrors. The improvedsensitivity reached a maximum of $2.2 \times10^{-19}\,\textrm{m}/\sqrt{\textrm{Hz}}$ at 165\,Hz.

Reduction of thermal fluctuations in a cryogenic laser interferometric gravitational wave detector