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We report the highly anisotropic Dirac fermions in a Bi square net ofSrMnBi2, based on a first principle calculation, angle resolved photoemissionspectroscopy, and quantum oscillations for high-quality single crystals. Wefound that the Dirac dispersion is generally induced in the (SrBi)+ layercontaining a double-sized Bi square net. In contrast to the commonly observedisotropic Dirac cone, the Dirac cone in SrMnBi2 is highly anisotropic with alarge momentum-dependent disparity of Fermi velocities of ~ 8. These findingsdemonstrate that a Bi square net, a common building block of various layeredpnictides, provide a new platform that hosts highly anisotropic Dirac fermions.

Anisotropic Dirac fermions in a Bi square net of SrMnBi2