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Neoclassical toroidal viscosities (NTVs) in tokamaks are investigated using a δf Monte Carlo simulation, and are successfully verified with a combined analytic theory over a wide range of collisionality. A Monte Carlo simulation has been required in the study of NTV since the complexities in guiding-center orbits of particles and their collisions cannot be fully investigated by any means of analytic theories alone. Results yielded the details of the complex NTV dependency on particle precessions and collisions, which were predicted roughly in a combined analytic theory. Both numerical and analytic methods can be utilized and extended based on these successful verifications

physical review letters

Neoclassical Toroidal Viscosity Calculations in Tokamaks Using a<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>δ</mml:mi><mml:mi>f</mml:mi></mml:math>Monte Carlo Simulation and Their Verifications

Neoclassical Toroidal Viscosity Calculations in Tokamaks Using aδfMonte Carlo Simulation and Their Verifications