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Deflagration-to-detonation transition (DDT) can occur in environments rangingfrom experimental and industrial systems to astrophysical thermonuclear (typeIa) supernovae explosions. Substantial progress has been made in explaining thenature of DDT in confined systems with walls, internal obstacles, orpre-existing shocks. It remains unclear, however, whether DDT can occur inunconfined media. Here we use direct numerical simulations (DNS) to show thatfor high enough turbulent intensities unconfined, subsonic, premixed, turbulentflames are inherently unstable to DDT. The associated mechanism, based on thenonsteady evolution of flames faster than the Chapman-Jouguet deflagrations, isqualitatively different from the traditionally suggested spontaneous reactionwave model, and thus does not require the formation of distributed flames.Critical turbulent flame speeds, predicted by this mechanism for the onset ofDDT, are in agreement with DNS results.

Spontaneous Transition of Turbulent Flames to Detonations in Unconfined Media