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We show theoretically that the sudden application of an appropriate ac fieldto correlated lattice fermions flips the band structure and effectivelyswitches the interaction from repulsive to attractive. The nonadiabaticallydriven system is characterized by a negative temperature with a populationinversion. We numerically demonstrate the converted interaction in an ac-drivenHubbard model with the nonequilibrium dynamical mean-field theory solved by thecontinuous-time quantum Monte Carlo method. Based on this, we propose anefficient ramp-up protocol for ac fields that can suppress heating, which leadsto an effectively attractive Hubbard model with a temperature below thesuperconducting transition temperature of the equilibrium system.

Dynamical band flipping in fermionic lattice systems: An ac-field-driven change of the interaction from repulsive to attractive