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We report the first observation of trions (charged excitons), three-particlebound states consisting of one electron and two holes, in hole-doped carbonnanotubes at room temperature. When p-type dopants are added to carbon nanotubesolutions, the photoluminescence and absorption peaks of the trions appear farbelow the E11 bright exciton peak, regardless of the dopant species. Theunexpectedly large energy separation between the bright excitons and the trionsis attributed to the strong electron-hole exchange interaction in carbonnanotubes.

Observation of charged excitons in hole-doped carbon nanotubes using photoluminescence and absorption spectroscopy