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Thin-film solar cells with CuIn$_x$Ga$_{1-x}$Se$_2$ (CIGS) absorber are stillfar below their efficiency limit, although lab cells reach already 19.9%. Oneimportant aspect is the homogeneity of the alloy. Large-scale simulationscombining Monte Carlo and density functional calculations show that two phasescoexist in thermal equilibrium below room temperature. Only at highertemperatures, CIGS becomes more and more a homogeneous alloy. A larger degreeof inhomogeneity for Ga-rich CIGS persists over a wide temperature range, whichmay contribute to the low observed efficiency of Ga-rich CIGS solar cells.

Indium-Gallium Segregation in CuIn$_{x}$Ga$_{1-x}$Se$_2$: An ab initio based Monte Carlo Study