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The (114) surface of the semimetal Bi is found to support a quasi-one-dimensional, metallic surface state. As required by symmetry, the state is degenerate along the Γ̅ -Y̅ line of the surface Brillouin zone with a highest binding energy of ≈150  meV. In the Γ̅ -X̅ direction the degeneracy is lifted by the strong spin-orbit splitting in Bi, as directly shown by spin-resolved photoemission. This results in a Fermi contour consisting of two closely separated, parallel lines of opposite spin direction. It is argued that similar states on related insulators would give rise to a one-dimensional quantum spin Hall effect

Nondegenerate Metallic States on Bi(114): A One-Dimensional Topological Metal