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The ternary iron arsenide BaFe2As2 becomes superconducting by hole doping,which was achieved by partial substitution of the barium site with potassium.We have discovered bulk superconductivity up to Tc = 38 K in (Ba1-xKx)Fe2As2with x = 0.4. The parent compound BaFe2As2 as well as KFe2As2 both crystallizein the tetragonal ThCr2Si2-type structure, which consists of (FeAs)- ironarsenide layers separated by barium or potassium ions. BaFe2As2 is a poor metaland exhibits a SDW anomaly at 140 K. By substituting Ba2+ for K+ ions we haveintroduced holes in the (FeAs)- layers, which suppress the SDW anomaly andinduce superconductivity. This scenario is very similar to the recentlydiscovered arsenide-oxide superconductors. The Tc of 38 K in (Ba1-xKx)Fe2As2 isthe highest observed critical temperature in hole doped iron arsenidesuperconductors so far. Therefore, we were able to expand this class ofsuperconductors by oxygen-free compounds with the ThCr2Si2-type structure. Ourresults suggest, that superconductivity in these systems essentially evolvesfrom the (FeAs)- layers and may occur in other related compounds.

Superconductivity at 38 K in the iron arsenide (Ba1-xKx)Fe2As2