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We investigate the dynamics of freely expanding liquid sheets prepared withfluids with different rheological properties, (i) viscous fluids with azero-shear viscosity $\eta_0$ in the range $(1-1000) \, \mathrm{mPa.s}$ and(ii) viscoelastic Maxwell fluids whose elastic modulus, $G_0$, characteristicrelaxation time, $\tau$, and zero-shear viscosity, $\eta_0=G_0 \tau$, can betuned over several orders of magnitude. The sheets are produced by impacting adrop of fluid on a small cylindrical solid target. For viscoelastic fluids, weshow that, when $\tau$ is shorter than the typical lifetime of the sheet ($\sim10$ ms), the dynamics of the sheet is similar to that of Newtonian viscousliquids with equal zero-shear viscosity. In that case, for little viscoussamples ($\eta_0 <\sim 30$ mPa.s), the maximal expansion of the sheet,$d_{\rm{max}}$, is independent of $\eta_0$, whereas for more viscous samples,$d_{\rm{max}}$ decreases as $\eta_0$ increases. We provide a simple model toaccount for the dependence of the maximal expansion of the sheet with theviscosity that is based on an energy balance between inertia, surface tensionand viscous shear dissipation on the solid target, and which accounts well forour experimental data. By contrast, when $\tau$ is longer than the typicallifetime of the sheet, the behavior drastically differs. The sheet expansion isstrongly enhanced as compared to that of viscous samples with comparablezero-shear viscosity, but is heterogeneous with the occurrence of cracks,revealing the elastic nature of the viscoelastic fluid.

Interplay between viscosity and elasticity in freely expanding liquid sheets