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The article reports the domineering governing role played by the direction ofelectric and magnetic fields on the internal advection pattern and strengthwithin salt solution pendant droplets. Literature shows that solutal advectiondrives circulation cells within salt based droplets. Flow visualization andvelocimetry reveals that the direction of the applied field governs theenhancement/reduction in circulation velocity and the directionality ofcirculation inside the droplet. Further, it is noted that while magnetic fieldsaugment the circulation velocity, the electric field leads to deterioration ofthe same. The concepts of electro andmagnetohydrodynamics are appealed to and aStokesian stream function based mathematical model to deduce the field mediatedvelocities has been proposed. The model is found to reveal the roles of anddegree of dependence on the governing Hartmann, Stuart, Reynolds and Masudanumbers. The theoretical predictions are observed to be in good agreement withexperimental average spatio-temporal velocities. The present findings may havestrong implications in microscale electro and/or magnetohydrodynamics.

Electromagnetic field orientation and dynamics governs advection characteristics within pendent droplets