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We investigated theoretically water evaporation from concentratedsupramolecular mixtures, such as solutions of polymers or amphiphilicmolecules, using numerical resolutions of a one dimensional model based on masstransport equations. Solvent evaporation leads to the formation of aconcentrated solute layer at the drying interface, which slows down evaporationin a long-time scale regime. In this regime, often referred to as the fallingrate period, evaporation is dominated by diffusive mass transport within thesolution, as already known. However, we demonstrate that, in this regime, therate of evaporation does not also depend on the ambient humidity for manymolecular complex fluids. Using analytical solutions in some limiting cases, wefirst demonstrate that a sharp decrease of the water chemical activity at highsolute concentration, leads to evaporation rates which depend weakly on thehumidity, as the solute concentration at the drying interface slightly dependson the humidity. However, we also show that a strong decrease of the mutualdiffusion coefficient of the solution enhances considerably this effect,leading to nearly independent evaporation rates over a wide range of humidity.The decrease of the mutual diffusion coefficient indeed induces strongconcentration gradients at the drying interface, which shield the concentrationprofiles from humidity variations, except in a very thin region close to thedrying interface.

Humidity-insensitive water evaporation from molecular complex fluids