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Quantum systems driven by time-dependent Hamiltonians are considered herewithin the framework of steepest-entropy-ascent quantum thermodynamics (SEAQT)and used to study the thermodynamic characteristics of such systems. In doingso, a generalization of the SEAQT framework valid for all such systems isprovided, leading to the development of an ab initio physically relevantexpression for the intra-relaxation time, an important element of thisframework and one that had as of yet not been uniquely determined as anintegral part of the theory. The resulting expression for the relaxation timeis valid as well for time-independent Hamiltonians as a special case and makesthe description provided by the SEAQT framework more robust at the fundamentallevel. In addition, the SEAQT framework is used to help resolve a fundamentalissue of thermodynamics in the quantum domain, namely, that concerning theunique definition of process-dependent work and heat functions. Thedevelopments presented lead to the conclusion that this framework is not justan alternative approach to thermodynamics in the quantum domain but instead onethat uniquely sheds new light on various fundamental but as of yet notcompletely resolved questions of thermodynamics.

Ab initio relaxation times and time-dependent Hamiltonians within the steepest-entropy-ascent quantum thermodynamic framework