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Mechanical impulse propagation in granular media depends strongly on theimposed confinement conditions. In this work, the propagation of sound in agranular packing contained by flexible walls that enable confinement underhydrostatic pressure conditions is investigated. This configuration also allowsthe form of the input impulse to be controlled by means of an instrumentedimpact pendulum. The main characteristics of mechan- ical wave propagation areanalyzed, and it is found that the wave speed as function of the wave amplitudeof the propagating pulse obeys the predictions of the Hertz contact law. Uponincreasing the confinement pressure, a continuous transition from nonlinear tolinear propagation is observed. Our results show that in the low-confinementregime, the attenuation increases with an increasing impulse amplitude fornonlinear pulses, whereas it is a weak function of the confinement pressure forlinear waves.

Mechanical impulse propagation in a packing of 3D spheres confined at constant pressure