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We present the "condensation" method that exploits the heterogeneity of theprobability distribution functions (PDF) of event locations to improve thespatial information content of seismic catalogs. The method reduces the size ofseismic catalogs while improving the access to the spatial information contentof seismic catalogs. The PDFs of events are first ranked by decreasing locationerrors and then successively condensed onto better located and lower varianceevent PDFs. The obtained condensed catalog attributes different weights to eachevent, providing an optimal spatial representation with respect to thespatially varying location capability of the seismic network. Synthetic testson fractal distributions perturbed with realistic location errors show thatcondensation improves spatial information content of the original catalog.Applied to Southern California seismicity, the new condensed catalog highlightsmajor mapped fault traces and reveals possible additional structures whilereducing the catalog length by ~25%. The condensation method allows us toaccount for location error information within a point based spatial analysis.We demonstrate this by comparing the multifractal properties of the condensedcatalog locations with those of the original catalog. We evidence differentspatial scaling regimes characterized by distinct multifractal spectra andseparated by transition scales. We interpret the upper scale as to agree withthe thickness of the brittle crust, while the lower scale (2.5km) might dependon the relocation procedure. Accounting for these new results, the EpidemicType Aftershock Model formulation suggests that, contrary to previous studies,large earthquakes dominate the earthquake triggering process. This implies thatthe limited capability of detecting small magnitude events cannot be used toargue that earthquakes are unpredictable in general.

physical review. e, statistical, nonlinear and soft matter physics

Condensation of earthquake location distributions: Optimal spatial  information encoding and application to multifractal analysis of South  Californian seismicity