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Red blood cells (RBCs) are the major component of blood and the flow of bloodis dictated by that of RBCs. We employ vesicles, which consist of closedbilayer membranes enclosing a fluid, as a model system to study the behavior ofRBCs under a confined Poiseuille flow. We extensively explore two mainparameters: i) the degree of confinement of vesicles within the channel, andii) the flow strength. Rich and complex dynamics for vesicles are revealedranging from steady-state shapes (in the form of parachute and slipper) tochaotic dynamics of shape. Chaos occurs through a cascade of multiple periodicoscillations of the vesicle shape. We summarize our results in a phase diagramin the parameter plane (degree of confinement, flow strength). This findinghighlights the level of complexity of a flowing vesicle in the small Reynoldsnumber where the flow is laminar in the absence of vesicles and can be renderedturbulent due to elasticity of vesicles.

Vesicle Dynamics in a Confined Poiseuille Flow: From Steady-State to Chaos