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We study the entropy and information flow in a Maxwell demon device based ona single-electron transistor with controlled gate potentials. We construct theprotocols for measuring the charge states and manipulating the gate voltageswhich minimizes irreversibility for (i) constant input power from theenvironment or (ii) given energy gain. Charge measurement is modeled by aseries of detector readouts for time-dependent gate potentials, and the amountof information obtained is determined. The protocols optimize irreversibilitythat arises due to (i) enlargement of the configuration space on opening thebarriers, and (ii) finite rate of operation. These optimal protocols aregeneral and apply to all systems where barriers between different regions canbe manipulated.

Information flow and optimal protocol for Maxwell's demon single electron pump