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Using both experiments and finite element simulations, we explore the shapeevolution of off-axis nematic elastomer ribbons as a function of temperature.The elastomers are prepared by cross-linking the mesogens with planar anchoringof the director at top and bottom surfaces with a 90 degree left-handed twist.Shape evolution depends sensitively on the off-axis director orientation at thesample mid-plane. When the director at midplane is parallel to either theribbon's long or short axes, ribbons form either helicoids or spirals dependingon the aspect ratio and temperature. If the director at midplane is more than 5degrees off-axis, then they form only spiral ribbons. Samples in all thesegeometries show a remarkable transition from right- to left-handed chiralshapes on change of temperature. Simulation studies provide insight into themechanisms driving shape evolution and enable engineering design of thesematerials for future applications.

Shape and Chirality Transitions in Off-Axis Twist Nematic Elastomer Ribbons