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The carnivorous aquatic Waterwheel Plant (Aldrovanda vesiculosa L.) and theclosely related terrestrial Venus Flytrap (Dionaea muscipula SOL. EX J. ELLIS)both feature elaborate snap-traps, which shut after reception of an externalmechanical stimulus by prey animals. Traditionally, Aldrovanda is considered asa miniature, aquatic Dionaea, an assumption which was already established byCharles Darwin. However, videos of snapping traps from both species suggestcompletely different closure mechanisms. Indeed, the well-described snappingmechanism in Dionaea comprises abrupt curvature inversion of the two traplobes, while the closing movement in Aldrovanda involves deformation of thetrap midrib but not of the lobes, which do not change curvature. In this paper,we present the first detailed mechanical models for these plants, which arebased on the theory of thin solid membranes and explain this difference byshowing that the fast snapping of Aldrovanda is due to kinematic amplificationof the bending deformation of the midrib, while that of Dionaea unambiguouslyrelies on the buckling instability that affects the two lobes.

Different mechanics of snap-trapping in the two closely related carnivorous plants Dionaea muscipula and Aldrovanda vesiculosa