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Rotating spiral waves are a form of self-organization observed in spatiallyextended systems of physical, chemical, and biological nature. In the presenceof a small perturbation, the spiral wave's centre of rotation and fiducialphase may change over time, i.e. the spiral wave drifts. In linearapproximation, the velocity of the drift is proportional to the convolution ofthe perturbation with the spiral's Response Functions (RFs), which are theeigenfunctions of the adjoint linearized operator corresponding to the criticaleigenvalues $\lambda = 0, \pm i\omega$. Here we demonstrate that the responsefunctions give quantitatively accurate prediction of the drift velocities dueto a variety of perturbations: a time dependent, periodic perturbation(inducing resonant drift); a rotational symmetry breaking perturbation(inducing electrophoretic drift); and a translational symmetry breakingperturbation (inhomogeneity induced drift) including drift due to a gradient,step-wise and localised inhomogeneity. We predict the drift velocities usingthe response functions in FitzHugh-Nagumo (FHN) and Barkley models, and comparethem with the velocities obtained in direct numerical simulations. In all casesgood quantitative agreement is demonstrated.

Computation of the Drift Velocity of Spiral Waves using Response Functions