English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

We study a class of heat engines including Feynman's ratchet, which exhibitsa directed motion of a particle in nonequilibrium steady states maintained bytwo heat baths. We measure heat transfer from each heat bath separately, andaverage them using a careful procedure that reveals the nature of the heattransfer associated with directed steps of the particle. Remarkably we findthat steps are associated with nonvanishing heat transfer even in equilibrium,and there is a quantitative relation between this ``hidden heat transfer'' andthe directed motion of the particle. This relation is clearly understood interms of the ``principle of heat transfer enhancement'', which is expected toapply to a large class of highly nonequilibrium systems.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures; revise

Hidden heat transfer in equilibrium states implies directed motion in nonequilibrium states