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We investigate the nonequilibrium behavior of a one-dimensional binary fluidon the basis of Boltzmann equation, using an infinitely strong shock wave asprobe. Density, velocity and temperature profiles are obtained as a function ofthe mixture mass ratio \mu. We show that temperature overshoots near the shocklayer, and that heavy particles are denser, slower and cooler than lightparticles in the strong nonequilibrium region around the shock. The shock widthw(\mu), which characterizes the size of this region, decreases as w(\mu) ~\mu^{1/3} for \mu-->0. In this limit, two very different length scales controlthe fluid structure, with heavy particles equilibrating much faster than lightones. Hydrodynamic fields relax exponentially toward equilibrium, \phi(x) ~exp[-x/\lambda]. The scale separation is also apparent here, with two typicalscales, \lambda_1 and \lambda_2, such that \lambda_1 ~ \mu^{1/2} as \mu-->0$,while \lambda_2, which is the slow scale controlling the fluid's asymptoticrelaxation, increases to a constant value in this limit. These results arediscussed at the light of recent numerical studies on the nonequilibriumbehavior of similar 1d binary fluids.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figs, published versio

Strong shock waves and nonequilibrium response in a one-dimensional gas: A Boltzmann equation approach