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The approach is developed for the description of isolated Fermi-systems withfinite number of particles, such as complex atoms, nuclei, atomic clusters etc.It is based on statistical properties of chaotic excited states which areformed by the interaction between particles. New type of ``microcanonical''partition function is introduced and expressed in terms of the average shape ofeigenstates $F(E_k,E)$ where $E$ is the total energy of the system. Thispartition function plays the same role as the canonical expression$exp(-E^{(i)}/T)$ for open systems in thermal bath. The approach allows tocalculate mean values and non-diagonal matrix elements of different operators.In particular, the following problems have been considered: distribution ofoccupation numbers and its relevance to the canonical and Fermi-Diracdistributions; criteria of equilibrium and thermalization; thermodynamicalequation of state and the meaning of temperature, entropy and heat capacity,increase of effective temperature due to the interaction. The problems ofspreading widths and shape of the eigenstates are also studied.Comment: 17 pages in RevTex and 5 Postscript figures. Changes are RevTex  format (instead of plain LaTeX), minor misprint corrections plus additional  references. To appear in Phys. Rev.

Statistical theory of finite Fermi systems based on the structure of chaotic eigenstates