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We use the Parsons Lee modification of Onsagers second virial theory withinthe restricted orientation approximation to analyse the phase behaviour of hardcylindrical rods confined in narrow pores Depending on the wall to wallseparation we predict a number of distinctly different surface generatednematic phases including a biaxial planar nematic with variable number oflayers a monolayer homeotropic and a hybrid T type structure For narrow poreswe find evidence of two types of second order uniaxial biaxial transitionsdepending on the aspect ratio of the particles More specifically we observe acontinuous cross over from n to layers each with a distinct planar anchoringsymmetry as well as first order transitions from planar to homeotropic surfaceanchoring Contrary to the previously studied case of parallelepipeds we findthat the surface anchoring transition from planar to homeotropic symmetryoccurs at much lower overall rod packing fractions

Capillary-driven biaxial planar and homeotropic nematization of hard cylinders