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Granular flows during a shear-induced mixing process are studied usingDiscrete Element Methods. The aim is to understand the underlying elementarymechanisms of transition from unmixed to mixed phases for a granular materialfeaturing a broad distribution of particles, which we investigatesystematically by varying the strain rate and system size. Here the strain ratevaries over four orders of magnitude and the system size varies from tenthousand to more than a million granules. A strain rate-dependent transitionfrom quasistatic to purely inertial flow is observed. At the macroscopic scale,the contact stresses drop due to the formation of shear-induced instabilitiesthat serves as an onset of granular flows and initiates mixing between thegranules. The stress-drop displays a profound system size dependence. At thegranular scale, mixing dynamics are correlated with the formation of shearbands, which result in significantly different timescales of mixing, especiallyfor those regions that are close to the system walls and the bulk. Overall, ourresults reveal that although the transient dynamics display a generic behaviorthese have a significant finite-size effect. In contrast, macroscopic behaviorsat steady states have negligible system size dependence.

Shear-induced mixing of granular materials featuring broad granule size distributions