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Rhythmic activity in the gamma band (30-100Hz) has been observed in numerousanimal species ranging from insects to humans, and in relation to a wide rangeof cognitive tasks. Various experimental and theoretical studies haveinvestigated this rhythmic activity. The theoretical efforts have mainly beenfocused on the neuronal dynamics, under the assumption that networkconnectivity satisfies certain fine-tuning conditions required to generategamma oscillations. However, it remains unclear how this fine tuning isachieved.  Here we investigated the hypothesis that spike timing dependent plasticity(STDP) can provide the underlying mechanism for tuning synaptic connectivity togenerate rhythmic activity in the gamma band. We addressed this question in amodeling study. We examined STDP dynamics in the framework of a network ofexcitatory and inhibitory neuronal populations that has been suggested tounderlie the generation of gamma. Mean field Fokker Planck equations for thesynaptic weights dynamics are derived in the limit of slow learning. We drew onthis approximation to determine which types of STDP rules drive the system toexhibit gamma oscillations, and demonstrate how the parameters thatcharacterize the plasticity rule govern the rhythmic activity. Finally, wepropose a novel mechanism that can ensure the robustness of self-developingprocesses, in general and for rhythmogenesis in particular.

Robust Rhythmogenesis in the Gamma Band via Spike Timing Dependent Plasticity