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Swimming bacteria in passive nematics in the form of lyotropic liquidcrystals are defined as a new class of active matter known as living liquidcrystals in recent studies. It has also been shown that liquid crystalsolutions are promising candidates for trapping and detecting bacteria. We askthe question, can a similar class of matter be designed for background nematicswhich are also active? Hence, we developed a minimal model for the mixture ofpolar particles in active nematics. It is found that the active nematics insuch a mixture are highly sensitive to the presence of polar particles, andshow the formation of large scale higher order structures for a relatively lowpolar particle density. Upon increasing the density of polar particles,different phases of active nematics are found and it is observed that thesystem shows two phase transitions. The first phase transition is a first ordertransition from quasi-long ranged ordered active nematics to disordered activenematics with larger scale structures. On further increasing density of polarparticles, the system transitions to a third phase, where polar particles formlarge, mutually aligned clusters. These clusters sweep the whole system andenforce local order in the nematics. The current study can be helpful fordetecting the presence of very low densities of polar swimmers in activenematics and can be used to design and control different structures in activenematics.

Polar swimmers induce several phases in active nematics