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At high concentration, free swimming nematodes known as vinegar eels ({\itTurbatrix aceti}), collectively exhibit metachronal waves near a boundary. Wefind that the frequency of the collective traveling wave is lower than that ofthe freely swimming organisms. We explore models based on a chain ofoscillators with nearest neighbor interactions that inhibit oscillator phasevelocity. The phase of each oscillator represents the phase of the motion ofthe eel's head back and forth about its mean position. A strongly interactingdirected chain model mimicking steric repulsion between organisms robustlygives traveling wave states and can approximately match the observed wavelengthand oscillation frequency of the observed traveling wave. We predict bodyshapes assuming that waves propagate down the eel body at a constant speed. Thephase oscillator model that impedes eel head overlaps also reduces closeinteractions throughout the eel bodies.

Metachronal waves in concentrations of swimming Turbatrix aceti nematodes and an oscillator chain model for their coordinated motions