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Extreme or rogue waves are large and unexpected waves appearing with higherprobability than predicted by Gaussian statistics. Although their formation isexplained by both linear and nonlinear wave propagation, nonlinearity has beenconsidered a necessary ingredient to generate superextreme waves, i.e., anenhanced wave amplification, where the wave amplitudes exceed by far those ofstandard rogue waves. Here we show, experimentally and theoretically, thatsuperextreme optical waves emerge in the simple case of linear one-dimensionallight diffraction. The underlying physics is a long-range correlation on therandom initial phases of the light waves. When subgroups of random phasesappear recurrently along the spatial phase distribution, a more ordered phasestructure greatly increases the probability of constructive interference togenerate superextreme events, i.e., non-Gaussian statistics with super-longtails. Our results consist of a significant advance in the understanding ofextreme waves formation by linear superposition of random waves, withapplications in a large variety of wave systems.

Superextreme Waves Generation in the Linear Regime