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Two dynamical systems unidirectionally coupled in a sender-receiverconfiguration can synchronize with a nonzero phase-lag. In particular, thesystem can exhibit anticipated synchronization (AS), which is characterized bya negative phase-lag, if the receiver (R) also receives a delayed negativeself-feedback. Recently, AS was shown to occur between cortical-like neuronalpopulations in which the self-feedback is mediated by inhibitory synapses. Inthis biologically plausible scenario, a transition from the usual delayedsynchronization (DS, with positive phase-lag) to AS can be mediated by theinhibitory conductances in the receiver population. Here we show that dependingon the relation between excitatory and inhibitory synaptic conductances thesystem can also exhibit phase-bistability between anticipated and delayedsynchronization. Furthermore, we show that the amount of noise at the receiverand the synaptic conductances can mediate the transition from stablephase-locking to a bistable regime and eventually to a phase-drift (PD). Wesuggest that our spiking neuronal populations model could be potentially usefulto study phase-bistability in cortical regions related to bistable perception.

Phase-bistability between anticipated and delayed synchronization in neuronal populations