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As the places where most of the fuel of the cell, namely ATP, is synthesized,mitochondria are crucial organelles in eukaryotic cells. The shape of theinvaginations of the mitochondria inner membrane, known as cristae, has beenidentified as a signature of the energetic state of the organelle. However, theinterplay between the rate of ATP synthesis and the crista shape remainsunclear. In this work, we investigate the crista membrane deformations using apH-dependent Helfrich model, maintained out-of-equilibrium by a diffusive fluxof protons. This model gives rise to shape changes of a cylindricalinvagination, in particular to the formation of necks between wider zones undervariable, and especially oscillating, proton flux.

Mitochondrial cristae modeled as an out-of-equilibrium membrane driven by a proton field