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We analyse the flow curves of a two-dimensional assembly of granularparticles which are interacting via frictional contact forces. For packingfractions slightly below jamming, the fluid undergoes a large scaleinstability, implying a range of stress and strainrates where no stationaryflow can exist. Whereas small systems were shown previously to exhibithysteretic jumps between the low and high stress branches, large systemsexhibit continuous shear thickening arising from averaging unsteady, spatiallyheterogeneous flows. The observed large scale patterns as well as theirdynamics are found to depend on strainrate: At the lower end of the unstableregion, force chains merge to form giant bands that span the system incompressional direction and propagate in dilational direction. At the upperend, we observe large scale clusters which extend along the dilationaldirection and propagate along the compressional direction. Both patterns, bandsand clusters, come in with infinite correlation length similar to the suddenonset of system-spanning plugs in impact experiments.

Unsteady flow, clusters and bands in a model shear-thickening fluid