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The observed rapid cooling of the neutron star (NS) located at the center ofthe supernova remnant Cassiopeia A (Cas A) can be explained in the minimal NScooling scenario. This consequence may be changed if there exists an extracooling source, such as axion emission. In this work, we study the Cas A NScooling in the presence of axion emission, taking account of the temperatureevolution in the whole life of the Cas A NS. We obtain a lower limit on theaxion decay constant, $f_a\gtrsim (5-7)\times 10^8$ GeV, if the star has anenvelope with a thin carbon layer. This is as strong as existing limits imposedby other astrophysical observations such as SN1987A.

Limit on the Axion Decay Constant from the Cooling Neutron Star in Cassiopeia A