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The LIGO's discovery of binary black hole mergers has opened up a new era oftransient gravitational wave astronomy. The potential detection ofgravitational radiation from another class of astronomical objects, rapidlyspinning non-axisymmetric neutron stars, would constitute a new area ofgravitational wave astronomy. Scorpius X-1 (Sco X-1) is one of the mostpromising sources of continuous gravitational radiation to be detected withpresent-generation ground-based gravitational wave detectors, such as AdvancedLIGO and Advanced Virgo. As the sensitivity of these detectors improve in thecoming years, so will power of the search algorithms being used to findgravitational wave signals. Those searches will still require integation overnearly year long observational spans to detect the incredibly weak signals fromrotating neutron stars. For low mass X-ray binaries such as Sco X-1 thisdifficult task is compounded by neutron star "spin wandering" caused bystochastic accretion fluctuations. In this paper, we analyze X-ray data fromthe RXTE satellite to infer the fluctuating torque on the neutron star in ScoX-1. We then perform a large-scale simulation to quantify the statisticalproperties of spin-wandering effects on the gravitational wave signal frequencyand phase evolution. We find that there are a broad range of expected maximumlevels of frequency wandering corresponding to maximum drifts of between 0.3-50{\mu}Hz/sec over a year at 99% confidence. These results can be cast in termsof the maximum allowed length of a coherent signal model neglectingspin-wandering effects as ranging between 5-80 days. This study is designed toguide the development and evaluation of Sco X-1 search algorithms.

Accretion-induced spin-wandering effects on the neutron star in Scorpius X-1: Implications for continuous gravitational wave searches