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Gravitational lensing of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) is expected tobe amongst the most powerful cosmological tools for ongoing and upcoming CMBexperiments. In this work, we investigate a bias to CMB lensing reconstructionfrom temperature anisotropies due to the kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (kSZ)effect, that is, the Doppler shift of CMB photons induced by Compton-scatteringoff moving electrons. The kSZ signal yields biases due to both its ownintrinsic non-Gaussianity and its non-zero cross-correlation with the CMBlensing field (and other fields that trace the large-scale structure). ThiskSZ-induced bias affects both the CMB lensing auto-power spectrum and itscross-correlation with low-redshift tracers. Furthermore, it cannot be removedby multifrequency foreground separation techniques because the kSZ effectpreserves the blackbody spectrum of the CMB. While statistically negligible forcurrent datasets, we show that it will be important for upcoming surveys, andfailure to account for it can lead to large biases in constraints on neutrinomasses or the properties of dark energy. For a Stage 4 CMB experiment, the biascan be as large as $\approx$ 15% or 12% in cross-correlation with LSST galaxylensing convergence or galaxy overdensity maps, respectively, when the maximumtemperature multipole used in the reconstruction is $\ell_{\rm max} = 4000$,and about half of that when $\ell_{\rm max} = 3000$. Similarly, we find thatthe CMB lensing auto-power spectrum can be biased by up to several percent.These biases are many times larger than the expected statistical errors.Reducing $\ell_{\rm max}$ can significantly mitigate the bias at the cost of adecrease in the overall lensing reconstruction signal-to-noise.Polarization-only reconstruction may be the most robust mitigation strategy.

Bias to CMB Lensing Reconstruction from Temperature Anisotropies due to Large-Scale Galaxy Motions