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We study the evolution of photon polarization during the photon-axionconversion process with focusing on the magnetic field configurationdependence. Most previous studies have been carried out in a conventional modelwhere a network of magnetic domains is considered and each domain has aconstant magnetic field. We investigate a more general model where a network ofdomains is still assumed, but each domain has a helical magnetic field. We findthat the asymptotic behavior does not depend on the configuration of magneticfields. Remarkably, we analytically obtain the asymptotic values of thevariance of polarization in the conventional model. When the helicity is small,we show that there appears the damped oscillating behavior in the early stageof evolution. Moreover, we see that the constraints on the axion coupling andthe cosmological magnetic fields using polarization observations are affectedby the magnetic field configuration. This is because the different transientbehavior of polarization dynamics is caused by the different magnetic fieldconfiguration. Recently, [C. Wang and D. Lai, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 06(2016) 006.] claimed that the photon-axion conversion in helical model behavespeculiarly. However, our helical model gives much closer predictions to theconventional discontinuous magnetic field configuration model.

Photon-Axion Conversion, Magnetic Field Configuration, and Polarization of Photons