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We study the Casimir-Polder force arising between two identical two-levelatoms and mediated by a massless scalar field propagating in a black-holebackground. We study the interplay of Hawking radiation and Casimir-Polderforces and find that, when the atoms are placed near the event horizon, thescaling of the Casimir-Polder interaction energy as a function of interatomicdistance displays a transition from a thermallike character to a nonthermalbehavior. We corroborate our findings for a quantum field prepared in theBoulware, Hartle-Hawking, and Unruh vacua. Our analysis is consistent with thenonthermal character of the Casimir-Polder interaction of two-level atoms in arelativistic accelerated frame [J. Marino et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 020403(2014)], where a crossover from thermal scaling, consistent with the Unruheffect, to a nonthermal scaling has been observed. The two crossovers are aconsequence of the noninertial character of the background where the fieldmediating the Casimir interaction propagates. While in the former case thecharacteristic crossover length scale is proportional to the inverse of thesurface gravity of the black hole, in the latter it is determined by theinverse of the proper acceleration of the atoms.

Thermal and nonthermal scaling of the Casimir-Polder interaction in a black hole spacetime