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The transition magnetic moment of a sterile-to-active neutrino conversiongives rise to not only radiative decay of a sterile neutrino, but also itsnon-standard interaction (NSI) with matter. For sterile neutrinos of keV-massas dark matter candidates, their decay signals are actively searched for incosmic X-ray spectra. In this work, we consider the NSI that leads to atomicionization, which can be detected by direct dark matter experiments. It isfound that this inelastic scattering process for a nonrelativistic sterileneutrino has a pronounced enhancement in the differential cross section atenergy transfer about half of its mass, manifesting experimentally as peaks inthe measurable energy spectra. The enhancement effects gradually smear out asthe sterile neutrino becomes relativistic. Using data taken with germaniumdetectors that have fine energy resolution in keV and sub-keV regimes,constraints on sterile neutrino mass and its transition magnetic moment arederived and compared with those from astrophysical observations.

Atomic ionization by sterile-to-active neutrino conversion and constraints on dark matter sterile neutrinos with germanium detectors