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We examine the efficacy of pion exchange models to simultaneously describeleading neutron electroproduction at HERA and the $\bar{d}-\bar{u}$ flavorasymmetry in the proton. A detailed $\chi^2$ analysis of the ZEUS and H1 crosssections, when combined with constraints on the pion flux from Drell-Yan data,allows regions of applicability of one-pion exchange to be delineated. Theanalysis disfavors several models of the pion flux used in the literature, andyields an improved extraction of the pion structure function and itsuncertainties at parton momentum fractions in the pion of $4 \times 10^{-4}\lesssim x_\pi \lesssim 0.05$ at a scale of $Q^2$=10 GeV$^2$. Based on the fitresults, we provide estimates for leading proton structure functions inupcoming tagged deep-inelastic scattering experiments at Jefferson Lab on thedeuteron with forward protons.

Pion structure function from leading neutron electroproduction and SU(2) flavor asymmetry