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We present the mean pairwise momentum of clusters, as observed through thekinematic Sunvaev-Zel'dovich (kSZ) effect, as a novel probe of massiveneutrinos. We find that kSZ measurements with current and upcoming surveys willprovide complementary constraints on the sum of neutrino masses from largescale structure and will improve on Planck satellite measurements of theprimordial cosmic microwave background (CMB) and CMB lensing. Central to theconstraints is a distinctive scale dependency of the kSZ neutrino signature onthe mean pairwise momentum of clusters that we do not expect to be mirrored insystematic effects that change the overall amplitude of the signal, like thecluster optical depth.  Assuming a minimal $\Lambda$CDM cosmology including massive neutrinos withPlanck primordial CMB priors combined with conservative kSZ specifications, weforecast $68%$ upper limits on the neutrino mass sum of $290$ meV, $220$ meV,$96$ meV for "Stage II" (ACTPol + BOSS), "Stage III" (Advanced ACTPol + BOSS),and "Stage IV" (CMB-S4 + DESI) surveys respectively, compared to the Planckalone forecast of 540 meV. These forecasts include the ability tosimultaneously constrain the neutrino mass sum and the mass-averaged opticaldepth of the cluster sample in each redshift bin. If the averaged optical depthof clusters can be measured with few percent accuracy and a lower limiting massis assumed, the projected kSZ constraints improve further to $120$ meV, $90$meV and $33$ meV (Stage II, III and IV). These forecasts represent aconservative estimate of neutrino constraints using cross-correlations ofarcminute-resolution CMB measurements and spectroscopic galaxy surveys. Moreinformation relevant for neutrino constraints is available from these surveys,such as galaxy clustering, weak lensing, and CMB temperature and polarization.

Constraints on massive neutrinos from the pairwise kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect