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We study novel type of contributions to the partition function of the Maxwellsystem defined on a small compact manifold ${\mathbb{M}}$ such as torus. Thesenew terms can not be described in terms of the physical propagating photonswith two transverse polarizations. Rather, these novel contributions emerge asa result of tunnelling events when transitions occur between topologicallydifferent but physically identical vacuum winding states. These new terms givean extra contribution to the Casimir pressure, yet to be measured.  We argue that if the same system is considered in the background of a smallexternal time-dependent magnetic field, than there will be emission of photonsfrom the vacuum, similar to the Dynamical Casimir Effect (DCE) when realparticles are radiated from the vacuum due to the time-dependent boundaryconditions. The difference with conventional DCE is that the dynamics of thevacuum in our system is not related to the fluctuations of the conventionaldegrees of freedom, the virtual photons. Rather, the radiation in our caseoccurs as a result of tunnelling events between topologically different butphysically identical $|k>$ sectors in a time -dependent background. We commenton relation of this novel effect with the well-known, experimentally observed,and theoretically understood phenomena of the persistent currents in normalmetal rings. We also comment on possible cosmological applications of thiseffect.

Dynamical Casimir Effect in a small compact manifold for the Maxwell vacuum