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In recent work (Milgrom 2009, Blanchet & Novak 2011), the authors showed thatMOdified Newton Dynamics (MOND) have a non-negligible secular perturbationeffect on planets with large semi-major axes (gaseous planets) in the SolarSystem. Some comets also have a very eccentric orbit with a large semi-majoraxis (Halley family comets) going far away from the Sun (more than 15 AU) in alow acceleration regime where they would be subject to MOND perturbation. Theyalso approach the Sun very closely (less than 3 AU) and are affected by thesublimation of ices from their nucleus, triggering so-called non-gravitationalforces. The main goal of this paper is to investigate the effect of MONDperturbation on three comets with various orbital elements (2P/Encke, 1P/Halleyand 153P/Ikeya-Zhang) and then compare it to the non-gravitationalperturbations. It is motivated by the fact that when fitting an outgassingmodel for a comet, we have to take into account all of the small perturbingeffects to avoid absorbing these effects into the non-gravitational parameters.Otherwise, we could derive a completely wrong estimation of the outgassing. Forthis work, we use six different forms of MOND functions and compute the secularvariations of the orbital elements due to MOND and non-gravitationalperturbations. We show that, for comets with large semi-major axis, the MONDianeffects are not negligible compared to the non-gravitational perturbations.

Coupling the non-gravitational forces and Modified Newton Dynamics for cometary orbits