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We propose an experiment to search for ultralight scalar dark matter (DM)with dilatonic interactions. Such couplings can arise for the dilaton as wellas for moduli and axion-like particles in the presence of CP violation.Ultralight dilaton DM acts as a background field that can cause tiny butcoherent oscillations in Standard Model parameters such as the fine structureconstant and the proton-electron mass ratio. These minute variations can bedetected through precise frequency comparisons of atomic clocks. Our experimentextends current searches for drifts in fundamental constants to thewell-motivated high-frequency regime. Our proposed setups can probe scalarslighter than 10^-15 eV with discovery potential of dilatonic couplings as weakas 10^-11 times the strength of gravity, improving current equivalenceprinciple bounds by up to 8 orders of magnitude. We point out potential 10^4sensitivity enhancements with future optical and nuclear clocks, as well aspossible signatures in gravitational wave detectors. Finally, we discusscosmological constraints and astrophysical hints of ultralight scalar DM, andshow they are complimentary to and compatible with the parameter rangeaccessible to our proposed laboratory experiments.

Searching for dilaton dark matter with atomic clocks