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We demonstrate that elastic scattering between dark matter (DM) and baryonscan affect the thermal evolution of the intergalactic medium at early epochsand discuss the observational consequences. We show that, due to theinteraction between DM and baryons, the baryon temperature is cooled afterdecoupling from the CMB temperature. We illustrate our findings by calculatingthe 21 cm power spectrum in coexistence with a velocity-dependent DM elasticscattering cross section. For instance, for a DM mass of 10 GeV, the 21 cmbrightness temperature angular power spectrum can be suppressed by a factor 2within the currently allowed DM-baryon cross section bounded by the CMB andlarge-scale structure data. This scale-independent suppression of the angularpower spectrum can be even larger for a smaller DM mass with a common crosssection (for instance, as large as a factor 10 for $m_d\sim 1$ GeV), and suchan effect would be of great interest for probing the nature of DM in view offorthcoming cosmological surveys.

The Effects of Dark Matter-Baryon Scattering on Redshifted 21 cm Signals